Much of the recent progress in the solid Earth Sciences is based on the interpretation of a range of geophysical and geological observations in terms of the properties and deformation of Earth materials. One of the greatest challenges facing geoscientists in achieving this lies in finding a link between physical processes operating in minerals at the smallest length scales to geodynamic phenome…
Merapi (125 km) is a large, active strato volcano on the segmented Indonesian volcanic front. It is composed of numerous pyroclastic flows, lava flows, and lahars, and characterized by classic flank domes. Its lavas are calc-alkaline hi-Al basalts and andesites ranging in SiO2 from 49 to 56 (%wt.), having the usual characteristics of low MgO, P2O2, TiO2, and high Al2O3, FeO and CaO.