French social theorist and one of the chief founders of Christian socialism. In his major work, Nouveau Christianisme ( 1825), he proclaimed a brotherhood of man that must accompany the scientific organization of industry and society. Life. Saint-Simon was born of an impoverished aristocratic family. His grandfather's cousin had been the Duke…
taynaud syndrome, condition occurring primaly in young women that is characterized by spasms I the arteries to the fingers that cause the fingertips , become first pale and then cyanotic-bluish pon exposure to cold or in response to emotional ress. Upon ce sation of the stimulus, redness d elops and there …
Paramount Pictures Corporation o,ne of the first and most successful of the Hollywood motionpicture studios. Paramount Pictures Corp. was established in 1914 by W.W. Hodkinson as a film distributor, offering Adolph Zukor's Famous Players Film Company, the Jesse L. Lasky Feature Play Company, and other producers …
Normandy Invasion, also called OPERATlON OVERLORD, during World War II, the Allied invasion of western Europe, which was launched on June 6, l 944 (the most celebrated D-Day of the war), with the simultaneous landing ofU.S., British, and Canadian forces on five separate beachheads in Normandy, France. By the…
Mu'allaqat, Al-, collection of seven pre-Islamic Arabic qasida (odes), each considered to be its author's best piece. Since the authors themselves are among the dozen or so most famous poets of the 6th century, the selection enjoys a unique position in Arabic literature, representing the finest of early Arabic poetry.Taken together, the poems…
Maclaurin, Colin, Scottish mathmatician who developed and extended Sir Isaac Newton's work in calculus, geometry, and gravitation. A child prodigy, he entered the University of Glasgow at age 11. At the age of 19 he was elected a professor of mathematics at marischal college, Aberdeen, and two years later he became a fellow of the Royal Society of L…
legal aid, the professional legal assistance given, either at no charge or for a nominal sum, to indigent persons in need of such help. In criminal cases most countries specially those in which a person accused of a crime enjoys a presumption of innocence-provide the services of a lawyer for those …
Katz, Sir Bernard (b. March 26, 1911, Leipzig, Gennany-d. April 20, 2003, London, England), German-born British physiologist who investigated the functioning of nerves and muscles. llis studies on the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine-which carries impulses from nerve fibr…
Harihara,also spelled I IARI-I IARA, in Hinduism, a syncretic deity combining the two major gods, Vishnu (Hari) and hiva (Hara). This dual form
Harihara, detail of a sandstone carving from northern India, 10th century ce; in the British Museum. P. Chandra found special favor in Cambodia, where inscriptions and …