Present situation of the Sumatra Island seems to indicate the clockwise rotation of about 40 degrees for Jawa (Fig.1). Ninkovich (1970) proposed a hypothesis that in the Late Cenozoic Sumatra rotated clockwise about 20 degrees and formed the present configuration. Moreover, Sasajima et al (1980) said that after the Triassic until the Early Tertiary, Sumatra should have rotated clockwise by 62.4…
Various discussions have been made by many authors as respects the eruption mechanism of Krakatau caldera (e.g. Williams, 1941; Yokoyama, 1981; Self and Rampino, 1982; Yokoyama, 1982). Accumulation of geophysical data may provide important information to clarify the problem. Yokoyama and Hadikusumo (1969) have already established the gravity stations Krakatau Islands. The low residual anomalies…
Nature gave one of its warnings in late May 1883. The uninhabited, largely ignored island of Krakatau, in the middle of the Sunda Straits between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, suddenly stirred. Billowing clouds of smoke and booming thunder caused a small shiver of terror among the inhabitants of the nearby islands.
Volcanic quakes occurred since September 20,1924. E and Ne of Ranu Klakah treasures were formed. The tromometers Klakah repetend in October 135, in September 81, in December 105 shocks.
The purpose of this book is to describe ways in which direct and indirect hazards from future volcanic eruptions can be assessed and their locations shown on maps so as to prevent or reduce loss of life and property damage. The guidelines presented here for volcanic-hazard assessments and volcanic hazards zonation emphasize principles that can be applied to volcanoes throughout the world, rathe…
The spectacle of explosive volcanic activity has always struck us with a sense of fascination and awe. Stories of the last days of Pompeii and Herculaneum, the massive eruption of Krakatau, and more recently the destruction wrought by Mount St. Helens in Washington and El Chinchon in Mexico have captured the public imagination. This atlas examines the aftermath of such events by looking at the …
Most of the Earths mountains, valley and plains have been slowly sculpted by uplift and erosion ever that last million years, and these, in turn, have formed from other landscape long vanished. Volcanoes though, operate on a different time scale.
In the later summer, 1981, the international symposium on “Arc Volcanism” was held in Tokyo and Hakone under the sponsorship of the volcanological society of Japan and the International Association of volcanology and chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI). More than 400 scientists attended the symposium and about 220 papers were read during the main session from August 31 through Sep…
Fundamentals of physical Volcanology is a comprehensive overview of the processes that control when and how volcanoes erupt. Understanding these processes involves bringing together ideas from a number of disciplines, including branches of geology, such as petrology and geochemistry; and aspects of physics, such as fluid dynamics and thermodynamics.
Depuis plus de vingt ans, Maurice et Katia Krafft trquent les activites volcaniques du monde entire, a raison de plusieurs eruptions par an. Ce sont, d’ores deja, les volcanologues qui ont observe le plus de cataclysms volcaniques.