One of the major challenges confronting the mining and minerals processing industry in the 21st century will be managing in an environment of ever decreasing water resources. Because most mineral processing requires high water use, there will be even more urgency to develop and employ sustainable technologies that will reduce consumption and the discharge of process-affected water. Water …
After eruption of 1883, studies on the development or the recovery of natural ecosystem on the Krakatau Islands, especially those of vegetation and fauna, have been of great interest to many scientists. However, as far as we know, only a few studies on the soils were carried out (Ernst, 1908; Van Baren, 1931; Newsome, 1982).
In the viewpoint of energy resource interest, recently, the generation potential interest of oil shales, particularly as an oil source, has been considered significantly as a new unconventional energy source. Some time ago, research of oil shales revealed many of the factors controlling its information and diagenesis. Most such research has considered the main source of oil and condensate. Oil …
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