Nature gave one of its warnings in late May 1883. The uninhabited, largely ignored island of Krakatau, in the middle of the Sunda Straits between the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, suddenly stirred. Billowing clouds of smoke and booming thunder caused a small shiver of terror among the inhabitants of the nearby islands.
Krakatau's eruptive activity reawakened as submarinu on December 29th, 1927, and after several brief pf longer cyclus of erosion and denudation the volcano finally rose above sea level definitely between Augst 11th - September 10th, 1930 as Anak Krakatau IV.
Volcanic hazards due to lahar flows were more devastating than those by volcanics strewn from Mt Galunggung; the products of the April, 1982 January, 1983 eruptions.t
The purpose of this field trip was to investigate the extent, thickness versus distance relationships, and source of a young scoriaceous air-fall deposit exposed in the vicinity of the Kamodjang geothermal field. This deposit was first noticed in October 1981, exposed along the highway through the Kamodjang area. The eruption of similar scoria in the future could endanger the village of Pangkal…
From the last two eruptions of Mt.Kelut, i.e. in 1951 and 1966, remarkable changes of the crater bottom were recorded. After the 1951 eruption a lowering of 79 m and after the 1996 eruption up upheaval of 43 m was found to have taken place, as measured at the deepest sections of the crater.
In january thin white smoke was enmitted with pressure. A medium scale discharge of smoke until 75 meters above the craterrim took place once and was repeated 4 x during february.
During the eruption cycle of 1967-1968 a new lavadome came into existence in the upper breach of Batang river (SW-slope) at an elevation of 2600. The extrusion of lava started on October 10, 1967, and the growth of the dome--being accompanied from time to time by small avalanches with a naximun dis-tance of 1.5 km. fron its source--lasted continuously and finally got an elongated shape (Figure …
The eruptions, which in the course of 1924 took place in Kavah Baru, were all of relative short duration. In many cases the activity was restricted to the geyserlike spouting-up of mud from one of the crater openings, which in the course of 1923 were born. Sometines also new craterlats were formed, or except mud also stones were ejected. Naturally the gaspressure at lastnaned eruptions was much…
Of more importance than the flank eruptions are the excentric eruptions, which are fed from a much more deeper lavaniveau than the first mentioned, whereas the breakthrough mostly takes place in the area of the volcano foot. Also excentric eruptions may entirely independently become active fron the main crater, which at flankeruptions is not likely possible. Also the phenomena, with which excen…
The married couple Ariens was staying at Mr. Smits. Mrs. Ariens was as if as child at home with the family Smits. His wife and children were some times ago departing to Bandung.