In 1823 he published his first novel, Hand 'Islande, which in 1825 appeared in an English translation as Hans of Iceland. The journalist Charles Nodier was enthusia tic about it and drew llugo into the group of friends, all devotees of Romanticism, who met regularly at the Bibliotheque de L'Arsenal. While frequenting this literary circle, which was called the Ccnacle, I lugo shared in launching a new review of moderate tendencies, the Muse Francaise
( 1823 24). In 1824 he published a new verse collection, Nouvelles Odes, and followed it two years later with an exotic romance, Bug-Jargal (Eng. trans. The Slave King). In 1826 he also published Odes et ballades, an enlarged edition of his previously printed verse, the latest of these poems being brilliant variations on the fashionable Romantic modes of mirth and terror. The youthful vigour of these poems was also characteristic of another collection, Les Orientales ( 1829), which appealed to the Romantic taste for Oriental local colour. In these poems Hugo, while skillfully employing a great variety of metre in his verse and using ardent and brilliant imagery, was also gradually shedding the legitimist royalism of his youth. It may be noted, too, that "Le Feu du cicl," a visionary poem, forecast those he was to write 25 years later. The fusion of the contemporary with the apocalyptic was always a particular mark of Hugo's genius.

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