Recent advances in reflection seismic technology provide the interpreter with high quality data that can be used to interpret the assessment parameters of trap, reservoir, porosity, seal, presence of hydrocarbons, and the percent trap fill.
Structural interpretation provides the interpreter with the main tool to recognize prospects and to map their potential area. Seismic stratigraphic analysis uses seismic sequences to define the time-stratigraphic framework, the regional basin setting, and palaeostructural timing. Seismic facies can be interpreted for gross depositional processes and environments and can be used to infer and map lithofacies and potential reservoir units. Seismic velocity analysis when properly cali• brated with well data can be used to predict lithofacies, such as sand percent. Direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHls) on seismic sections result from the effects of hydrocarbons, generally gas, on impedance. Amplitude, frequency and phase changes combined with analysis of interval velocity, sag, flat events, shadow zones, and edge effects may permit recognition of hydrocarbons in a trap and aid estimates of trap fill. Seismic modelling allows the geophysicist carefully to tie well data and seismic data as well as determine the seismic response of geologic models. Inverse seismic modelling constructs simulated well logs from seismic traces and permits detailed interpretation of lithology, porosity and hydrocarbons in some cases.
Limitations are inherent in our seismic data and our ability to correctly interpret these data. However, seismic interpretation still provides the explorationist with his most powerful tool short of the drill.

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