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Geomagnetic Survey at Two Volcanic Regions in Indonesia Krakatau Caldera and Lake Toba
Various discussions have been made by many authors as respects the eruption mechanism of Krakatau caldera (e.g. Williams, 1941; Yokoyama, 1981; Self and Rampino, 1982; Yokoyama, 1982). Accumulation of geophysical data may provide important information to clarify the problem. Yokoyama and Hadikusumo (1969) have already established the gravity stations Krakatau Islands. The low residual anomalies are characteristic, and the existence of fallback materials of a fragmented fore-caldera volcano and ejected pumice is suggested beneath Krakatau caldera. However, the number of gravity stations was insufficient to reveal the detailed anomalies because the main part of the caldera is under deep sea water. It is, therefore, important to make up the weak point of gravity measurement by other geophysical technique. A shiphorne magnetic survey was conducted at the sea area of the caldera by the present authors in August, 1982.
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