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Kalimantan diamond the prospect and potential of placer diamond and the possibility of primary diamond occurrences
Diamonds have been known since the sixth century to occur in Kalimantan, which are mostly derivedfrom placer deposits. The placer deposits are originally occurred in the
4 recent stream deposits or paleochannel deposits. The primary diamond derived from kimberlite, lamproite rock or deep seatedfault, is still not clearly known. Although the occurrences ofprimary diamond sources are still unknown in the country, the existed host rocks in the region might have been desintegrated and weathered then transported and distributed throughout of the island Diamondplacers deposits were commonly accompanied by various minerals such as : magnetite, ilmenite, chromite, sapphire, corrundum, platinum (PGM), and other rocks fragments. Chromite and platinum (PGM) have been proving to be associated with ultramafic rocks occurring in the Bobaris and Meratus ophiolites. The occurrence of ultramafic rocks in the area is known in the transistion zone or deeper part of the mantle alternatively. The basaltic rocks containing leucite, mica and olivine minerals occur in East Kalimantan. The basaltic rocks is quite similar to the lamproitic rocks as indicating by the presence of leucite, phlogophite, diopside, olivine and richterite minerals. The chemical rocks analysis from these area showing of K20/Na20 is 2,8, and this might be belong to alkaline basalt. The alkaline basalt seemed to have been occured in the form of hot spots of typically fissure eruption in and along the extensional zone in Kalimantan. Based on to the finding of those rocks we consider that a primary diamond could be potentially occurred in Kalimantan.
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