Indonesia merupakan negeri kepulauan terluas di Indonesia, yang memiliki daratan sekitar dua juta kilometer persegi meliputi 17.500 lebih pulau besar dan kecil. Pulau yang satu dengan yang lain disatukan oleh laut dan secara keseluruhan luas wilayah lautannya sekitar dua setengah kali luas daratan. Deretan pulau yang berbentuk bak untaian permata berwarna hijau itu membuah banyak orang, baik an…
The history of the early mining labor movement in the West is the history of the hardrock miner. It is the story of his hopes and trials, his joys and hardships, his aspirations and grievances, his successes and failures, It is shaped by his background, by the hazards of his daily work and by the chranging technology and management in his trade. The goals of the movement are a tribue to his com…
The recognition of minerals by means of their optical properties is doubt-less the single most widely used and most widely applicable method of mineral identification. Optical methods applied to minerals in thin section have long been used and were developed to a state of considerable refinement before the immersion methode became widely known. The first application of the immersion method was …
Lingkungan bagi manusia merupakan salah satu unsur yang sangat penting dalam kehidupannya, karena lingkungan tidak saja sebagai tempat manusia beraktivitas, tetapi lingkungan juga sangat berperan dalam mendukung berbagai aktivitas manusia. Di lingkungan, semua kebutuhan hidup manusia telah tersedia sehingga ada upaya yang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk mengeksploitasi lingkungannya demi hajat hid…
Water is essential to a wide range of economic activity as well as being a necessity to life. Because of its many uses water is one of the most important natural resources. In urban areas like Singapore, water is mostly used by industry in generating power, cooling, flushing, washing and processing, while in the rural areas of Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia the agricultural use o…
The yearbook "Mineral Commodity Summaries of the Czech Republik", published for the eleventh time, is intended to provide information for professionals and particularly for businessmen in order to assist them in developing small and medium-sized enterprises in mineral exploration and mining in line with relevant legislation and interests of mining organizations. The publication also includes ba…
This text is designed to intoduce you to the practical concepts and caculations ivolved in interpreting the chemistry of high temperature fluids in geothermal systems and hydrothermal are forming environments. It is intended that the energetic reader will learn yo understand chemical principles, handle routine caculations and follow specialized chemical studies involved in geothermal exploratio…
Sebagaimana ilmu-ilmu lainnya, dalam 50 tahun terakhir ini ilmu geologi telah mengalami kemajuan yang pesat. Hal ini terutama disebabkan oleh kemajuan teknologi yang menyediakan saran bagi pengumpulan data, sehingga interpretasi mengenai sifat dan tingkah laku bumi dapat dilakukan lebih rinci. Pengumpulan data ini dapat menyempit dan lebih mendalam, seperti kemampuan manusia melihat rongga-rong…
Minerals and rocks extracted from the earth's crust for purposes of utilisation are called useful or valuable. Extraction is the aggregate of industrial operations required to remove useful minerals from the earth's crust. Mine output is the amount of useful mineral recovered from the earth's crusct within a certain period of time. Accumulation of useful minerals in the earth's crust is termed …
Dengan semakin rusaknya dan berkurangnya sumber daya alam, maka semakin dirasakan pula oleh manusia itu sendiri. Pada awalnya manusia penuh rasa kebanggaan akan kemajuan teknologi yang mampu mengeksploitasi dan mengubah sumber daya alam yang ada, dan mampu meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Kenyataan ini hanya dinikmati oleh negara-negara maju, sedangkan negara-negara berkembang masih berkutat da…